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The term usability was coined in the early 1980s to replace “user-friendly,” which was vague and contained subjective connotation. It has been defined as “the extent to which a product can be used by specified users to achieve specified goals with effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction in a specified context of use”. This article will benefit the HCI community in seeing an overview of present works and knowledge gaps, to shape the future research directions. The second objective is to provide analyses on what topics or areas have insufficient information and what factors are concentrated upon. The first objective is to give an overview of recent studies on mobile designs. This article provides systematic review of the existing studies on mobile UI design patterns. There is a need to see an overview of usability studies on mobile UI design, to ascertain the current state of knowledge and research and to comprehend research gaps. Thus, desktop designs do not fully fit mobile context. Desktop computers are stationary, whereas mobile devices can be used anywhere or even while users are walking, carrying objects, or driving. Apart from differences in physical qualities, contexts of use between desktop computers and mobile devices are different. The desktop paradigm may be applicable, but there are notable differences between mobile devices and desktops, including the lack of tactile feedback, limited screen size, and high demands of visual attention. Seemingly, most of the designs are based on the desktop paradigm. Although mobile platforms are becoming an indispensable part of daily lives, true standards for mobile UI design patterns do not exist. There are more than billion smartphone users worldwide which include a large proportion of nongeneric users-children, the elderly, and users with disorders or disabilities. This caused a major shift on research attention ever since.
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The new models were no longer equipped with keypads instead, they were replaced by touchscreens. In 2007, many companies, such as LG, Apple, and HTC, released new models of mobile devices. Many actions and feedback under small-sized screen and a limited number of buttons became an area of focus in the HCI community. Mobile innovation started in the late 1990s. At the second stage, HCI was no longer confined to stationary computers.
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At the first stage, HCI focused on how to facilitate convenient means for a single user to use a computer on a fixed platform, such as desktop computers. HCI consistently evolves in response to technological changes. An effective user interface would be created based upon perspectives from the disciplines. It is a great challenge to design an effective UI, as it requires understanding of different disciplines for example, user’s physical and cognitive capabilities, sociological contexts, computer science and engineering, graphic design, and work domain. HCI encompasses extensive areas and designing effective user interface (UI) is one of the areas that has always been emphasized, as effective interfaces provide potential to improve overall system performance. The emergence of computers into workplaces and home during the 1970s has brought attention to the interaction between people and computer systems and, thus, the field of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) began to emerge during the same period. This article will benefit the HCI community in seeing an overview of present works, to shape the future research directions. The second objective is to provide an analysis on what topics or areas have insufficient information and what factors are concentrated upon. The first objective is to give an overview of recent studies on the mobile designs. This article provides a systematic literature review of the existing studies on mobile UI design patterns. Although mobile devices are becoming an indispensable part of daily lives, true standards for mobile UI design patterns do not exist. Most of the mobile user interface designs are based on desktop paradigm, but the desktop designs do not fully fit the mobile context. These differences have caused unprecedented challenges to users. Some notable differences between mobile devices and desktops include the lack of tactile feedback, ubiquity, limited screen size, small virtual keys, and high demand of visual attention. Mobile platforms have called for attention from HCI practitioners, and, ever since 2007, touchscreens have completely changed mobile user interface and interaction design.